PSYC 2501 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10.1: Underlying Representation, Epiphenomenon, Cognitive Revolution
26 Apr 2018
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Chapter 10
Saturday, April 14, 2018
11:34 AM
• Visual imagery
o Seeing in the absence of visual stimulus
o Mental imagery
• The ability to recreate the sensory world in the absence of physical
stimuli
• Occurs in senses other than vision
• Imagery in the history of psychology
o Early ideas
• Imageless thought debate
▪ The idea of a link between imagery and thinking
▪ Some psychologists agreed with Aristotle, that thought is
impossible without an image, and others contended that you can
think without images
▪ Behaviorism
• Since you cannot measure visual imagery, behaviorists claimed
you should not study it
o Imagery and the cognitive revolution
• Cognitive psychologists developed ways to measure behavior that could
be used to infer cognitive processes
• It is easier to remember concrete nouns, like tree or truck, that you can
image, than abstract words like truth or justice
• Conceptual peg hypothesis
▪ A way of inferring cognitive processes, determine amount of time
needed to carry out various cognitive tasks
• Subjects saw pictures, had to indicate whether two pictures
were same object or different objects
• Experiment showed that the time it took to decide that the
two views were of the same objects was directly related to
how different the angles were between the two views
• Subjects were mentally rotating
• Imagery and perception
o Mental scanning
• Subjects create mental images and then scan them in their minds
• Kosslyn's mental scanning experiments
▪ Asked subjects to memorize one object, create image in their mind
and focus on that, than asked to look for a part of it "motor"? Yes it
had a motor.
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