SOC 152A Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Phimosis, Grammatical Gender, Sexology
Chapter 4
●Gender is molded by socialization
●Earliest social influences is family
■Dress, decorate, toys, reward, punish, activities
○Study : Children who have older siblings of the same sex were significantly
more gender typical than were children with no siblings. Conversely, children
who had older siblings of the opposite gender were less gender typical than the
singletons.
●Media offers much for children to imitate in gender domain
○Notel study: place in canada
■Children had gender-related attitudes that were significantly more
flexible than those of the children in two comparable towns that had
television. By 2 years after the beginning of tv, the attitudes of the notel
children had become much more stereotypical and comparable to the
children of the other towns.
●Language is another cultural influence
○Children acquire knowledge of their own sex by 2 to 3 years of age
○Some languages emphasize gender more and children know earlier in these
●Verbally communicated advice affects too
○“Boys don't cry”
○Girls’ book places more emphasis on group activities, artistic expression, and
unstructured inquiry whereas boys placed emphasis on self-assuredness
science, learning facts from books, and solo activities.
●Box 4.3 the boy who was raised as a girl
○Twins, developed phimosis (foreskin of the penis becomes constricted)
■They were circumcised but bruce’s operation led to complete
destruction of penis
○Sexologist money recommended that bruce be surgically transformed into, and
reared as a girl. He told the parents as long as they treated the child as a girl,
she would become feminine, heterosexual female
■Brenda had sex reassignment at 2
○Money claimed brenda was growing as normal girl, than said he lost contact
Document Summary
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