BILD 1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Asexual Reproduction, Somatic Cell, Centromere
Document Summary
Genetics: the study of heredity and inherited variation. Genes: coded info in the form of heredity units. Humans have 46 chromosomes in each somatic cell. A set of 23 from each parent. Locus: a genes specific location along the length of a chromosome. Asexual reproduction: a single cell is sole parent and passes copies of all its exact genes to its offspring without fusion of gametes. Clone: a group of genetically identical individuals. Sexual reproduction: two parents give offspring unique combos of genes inherited from two parents, vary genetically. Lifecycle: the generation to generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism. Karyotype: visual ordered display of chromosomes arranged in pairs. Homologous pair (homologs): two chromosomes of a pair have the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern. Diploid cell: any cell with two chromosome sets (2n) Haploid cell: single set of chromosomes (n) Gametes have one set of 23 chromosomes.