BILD 3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Gram-Positive Bacteria, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Peptidoglycan
30 May 2016
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Document Summary
Is a polymer composed of modified sugars cross-linked by short polypeptides: gram positive. Bacteria with simpler walls with a relatively large amoutn of peptidoglycan: gram negative. Bacteria with more complex walls and less peptidoglycan: taxis. Directed movement toward or away from a stimulus: flagella. Most common means of movement and can either be at one end of the bacteria or all across the cell. System of rings holding it in places and uses atp. Has motor, hook and filament: evolution in bacteria. Process in which existing structures take on new functions through descent with modification. Only half of proteins made are necessary to function flagella. These findings suggest that the bacterial flagellum evolved as other proteins were added to an ancestral secretory system: the fact that prokaryotes have circular chromosomes while eukaryotes have linear chromosomes. The fact that only eukaryotic cells have a nucleus: reproduction.
