CHEM 11 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Iron(Ii) Chloride, Iron(Iii) Chloride, Alkali Metal
Document Summary
Aufbau principle: fill lowest energy orbitals first; atomic build-up. Half-filled or fully-filled 3d is preferable to a filled. Alkali metals form compounds with halogens, with properties that include. An ion is formed when a neutral atom gains or loses electrons. Cation: the loss of one or more electrons (becomes positive) Anion: the gain of one or more electron (becomes negative) When sodium or any other alkali metal reacts with chlorine or other halogen, the metal transfers an electron from its valence shell to the valence shell of the halogen. : magnesium ion electron configuration mg 2+ : 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6. Transition metals form cations, but they can lose one or more d electrons in addition to losing valence s electrons. Ionization energy : the energy required to remove one electron from a single atom in the gaseous state (small values indicate ease of losing electron)
