HIST 2112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Benjamin Wade, Radical Republican, Reconstruction Era
UNIT 1 | RECONSTRUCTION
Questions
1. By what political or military means was the U.S. reunited after the Civil War?
Answer:
2. What was at stake during Reconstruction for different groups of Americans?
Answer:
3. Was Reconstruction a success?
Answer:
Key Terms/Concepts
US HIstory, Ch.16, pgs. 453-465, 470-478
● Ten Percent Plan: a 3 part proposal that outlined how the Confederate states would
return to the Union
○ The plan gave a general pardon to all Southerners except for high ranking
Confederate government + military leaders
○ Required 10% of the 1860 voting population in former rebel states to take a
binding oath for future allegiance to the U.S. + emancipation of slaves
○ Due to the leniency of his plan, Lincoln hoped that the Confederate states would
quickly join the Union
● Radical Republicans: members of Congress at the time who wanted to remake and
punish the South
● Wade-Davis Bill: called for majority of Confederate states to take an Ironclad Oath,
swearing that they had never supported the Confederacy or made war against the U.S.
○ Those who did not accept the oath were not allowed to be part of political life of
the South
○ Lincoln pocket-vetoed the bill (taking no action to kill the bill) because he thought
no Southern state would have met the criteria of the bill and that it would slow
down reconstruction
○ Benjamin Wade: Radical Republican and Ohio senator
○ Henry Winter Davis: Radical Republican and Maryland representative
● 13th Amendment: abolished slavery; ratified in 1865
○ Lincoln never saw the ratification of the 13th Amendment due to his
assassination
● President Johnson’s Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction (1865): provided
“amnesty and pardon” to rebellious Southerners; returned them their property w/o slaves
+ affirm their support of the U.S. Constitution
○ Andrew Johnson was a Democrat
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