IB 103 Chapter Notes -Vascular Bundle, Leaf, Light-Independent Reactions
18 Feb 2013
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Energy part 1, lecture 3: photosynthesis: carbon fixation. Sugars, starches, and cellulose are examples of carbohydrates. Carbs=organic compounds like sugars, starch and cellulose. Plants use carbs as fuel molecules, for nucleic acids,and structure of cells. Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in ratio 1c:2h;1o. 3 kinds of carbs: monosaccharides (simple sugars) Ex: glucose; fructose are fuel molecules that cells break down to perform activities: disaccharides (2 monosaccharides) Condensation rxn= 2 molecules joined and a molecule of water is removed (formation of sucrose from glucose and fructose: polysaccharides carbs with many sugar units. Ex: starches principal storage compound in plants; thousands of glucose units in a chain, which are the main storage of carbs in plants. Ex: cellulose major part of cell wall; most abundant carb in world; part of plant fiber; aids in bowel function and adds bulk to the materials being digested. Most plants use the calvin cycle to fix carbon.
