PSYCH 360 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Central Nervous System, Methadone, Hallucinogen
20 Apr 2016
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Chapter 12 substance use and addictive disorders. Some substances can also lead to long-term problems. People who regularly ingest them may develop substance use disorders dependence. Tolerance: the adjustment that the brain and the body make to the regular use of certain drugs so that ever larger dosses are needed to achieve the earlier effects. Withdrawal: unpleasant, sometimes dangerous reactions that may occur when people who use a drug regularly stop taking or reduce their dosage of the drug: negative reinforcement. There are several categories of substances used and studied: depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, cannabis. Each drug has a different strength, speed of action, and tolerance level: opioids create these effects by depressing the cns. The drug closes down the respiratory center in the brain, paralyzing breathing and causing death: death is particularly likely during sleep. About 2% of those dependent on heroin and other episodes die under the influence of the drug each year.
