PSY 1001 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Oneword, Pragmatics, Observational Error
Document Summary
Thinking: any mental activity or processing of information, including learning, remembering, perceiving, communicating, believing, and deciding. Cognitive economy: allows us to simplify what we attend to and keep the information we need for decision making to a manageable minimum, fast and frugal . Representativeness heuristic: involves judging the probability of an event by its superficial similarity to a prototype. Base rate: how common a characteristic or behavior is in the general population. Availability heuristic: involves estimating the likelihood of an occurrence based on the ease with which it comes to our minds. Hindsight bias: tendency to overestimate how well we could have predicted something after it has already occurred. Top-down processing: conceptually driven processing influenced by beliefs and expectancies. Bottom-up processing: brain processes only information it receives, piecing it together. Chunking: organizing information into meaningful groupings, allowing us to extend the span of short-term memory.
