PSY 3121 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Juan Luis Vives, Franz Mesmer, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
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Psychoanalysis was not a product of universities nor a pure science. It arose from medicine and psychiatry from attempts to heal people deemed mentally ill. Its subject matter is psychopathology or abnormal behaviour. Its primary method is clinical observation rather than experimentation. Gottfried leibniz developed the idea of monadology = theory of psychic entities called monads which are similar to perceptions. Each monad was an unextended psychic entity which had some properties of physical matter but were mental in nature. Mental events have different degrees of consciousness ranging from completely unconscious to clearly conscious. Johann herbart had the notion of the unconscious into the concept of threshold of consciousness. When it rises above the threshold, is is apperceive. For an idea to rise into consciousness, it must be compatible with ideas that are already there. Conflict develops among ideas that struggle for consciousness. Gustav fechner suggested the mind as an iceberg idea.
