BIOL 1141 Chapter Notes - Chapter 37: Ventral Nerve Cord, Medulla Oblongata, Axon
7 Mar 2017
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Document Summary
Neuron: nerve cell that characteristically has three parts dendrites, cell body, and an axon, receive sensory information, convey the information to the brain, and conduct signals. Neuroglia: non-conducting nerve cells that are intimately associated with neurons and function in a supportive capacity. Cell body: portion of a neuron that contains a nucleus and from which dendrites and an axon extend. Dendrite: part of a neuron that sends signals toward the cell body. Axon: elongated portion of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, typically from the cell body to the synapse. Nerve fiber: axon, conducts nerve impulses away from the cell, axons are classified as either myelinated or unmyelinated based on the presence or absence of a myelin sheath. Myelin sheath: white, fatty material derived from the membrane of neurolemmocytes that forms a covering for nerve fibers. Astrocyte: nervous system cell that provides metabolic and structural support to the neurons.
