BIO 352 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Spermiogenesis, Tubulin, S Phase
Document Summary
Chromosomes: structures in which an organism"s dna (with genes) is organized, serve as vehicles for transmitting genetic info. Chromatin: the diffuse network of unfolded genetic material that make up chromosomes when cells are not undergoing division. Mitosis leads to the production of 2 cells, with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Meiosis reduces genetic content and the number of chromosomes by half. Cell structure is closely tied to genetic function. All cells share some common features: plasma membrane, dna, ribosomes. Plasma membrane: outer covering that defines cell boundary & delimits the cell from immediate external environment. Cell wall: (plant cells) major component is a polysaccharide called cellulose. Glycocalyx: (cell coat) provides biochemical identity at the surface of cells & components of the coat establish cellular identity which are under genetic control. Consists of glycoproteins & polysaccharides; in most animal cells.
