BIO 311C Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Cervix, Hydrolysis, Endergonic Reaction
Document Summary
Metabolic pathway begins with a specific molecule which is then altered in a series of defined steps, resulting in a certain product. Catabolic pathways release energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler compounds (ex: cellular respiration) Anabolic pathways consumes energy to build complicated molecules from simpler ones; aks biosynthetic pathways. First law of thermos: energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed. Second law of thermo: every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. If a given process by itself leads to an increase in entropy, that process can proceed without requiring an input of energy. Also known as spontaneous process (energetically favorable) Process that decrease entropy is nonspontaneous; it will happen only if energy is supplied. Free e(cid:374)ergy: portio(cid:374) of a syste(cid:373)"s e(cid:374)ergy that (cid:272)a(cid:374) perfor(cid:373) work whe(cid:374) te(cid:373)perature a(cid:374)d pressure and uniform. H is the change in enthalpy (total energy) S is the (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge i(cid:374) the syste(cid:373)"s e(cid:374)tropy.
