SOC 302 Chapter 1: SOCIOLOGY CHAPTER NOTES
21 Jan 2016
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Sociological perspective stresses social contexts in which people live & explains how these contexts influences people"s lives. Social location: corners in life that people occupy b/c of place in society. Natural sciences intellectual & academic disciplines that are designed to explain/predict events in natural environment. >industrial revolution, political revolution, and imperialism led to questioning of traditional answers=apply scientific method to sociology. Auguste comte->positivism: apply scientific method to social world; founder of sociology to apply social principles to social reform. Herbert spencer-> social darwinism: societies evolve over time as fittest ppl adapt to environment; should not guide social reform b/c interfere w/natural process that improves societies. Karl marx->engine of human history is class conflict. Society made up of 2 social classes that are enemies: bourgeoisie (capitalists) and proletariat (exploited workers) Eventually workers will unite & revolt usher in classless society. Emile durkheim->social factors underlie suicide; social integration: degree to which ppl are tied to social groups.
