BIOL 3315 Chapter 2: Genetics ch2 notes
Document Summary
Gregor mendel used the scientific method: observation, formulate hypothesis, design controlled experiments to test the hypothesis, collect and analyze the data, interpret the results (controlled vs. experimental, draw conclusions and reformulate hypotheses. Five critical experimental innovations: controlled crosses between plants. Mendel removed developing anthers to prevent self-fertilization, allowing him to use pollen from other plants. This allowed him to conduct controlled genetic crosses where he knew the parentals: used pure breeding strains in experimental crosses. Pure-breeding (true-breeding) strains consistently produce the same phenotype after many generations of crossing. Cross breeding of pure-breeding strains allowed him to observe how traits behaved across generations (p) parental (f1) first filial generation (f2) second filial generation (offspring from f1 crossing: used single traits with dichotomous phenotypes. Each trait has two forms: dichotomous easily distinguishable and has no immediate forms discrete traits, quantitive. He carefully counted and measured the characteristics of offspring from each cross.
