NSC-2201 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Cell Migration, Cerebral Cortex, Axon Hillock
1 May 2017
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Intro: neurons sense changes in environment, communicate with other neurons, and common body"s responses, glia or glial cells contribute to brain function by insulating, supporting, and nourishing neighboring neurons. The soma: cytosol: watery fluid inside cell, salty, potassium-rich, organelles: membrane-enclosed structures in soma, cytoplasm: everything contained in cell membrane, including organelles but not nucleus. Rough endoplasmic reticulum: polyribosomes: free ribosomes attached by a thread, mrna translated by free ribosomes if protein meant to stay in cytostol, mrna translated on rer if meant to go into cell membrane or organelles. The mitochondrion: cristae: multiple folds of inner membrane, matrix: space between cristae, do cellular respiration to yield atp adenosine triphosphate. The neuronal membrane: neuronal membrane: barrier to enclose cytoplasm in neuron and exclude certain substances in extracellular fluid, function of neurons cannot be understood without understanding the structure and function of the membrane and its associated proteins.
