PSYC 499 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Phrase Structure Rules, Semantic Feature, Noam Chomsky
31 Oct 2017
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Content morphemes carry the main burden of meaning (nouns, verbs, adjs, advs) Function morphemes add details to the meaning (tense, plurality) and serve grammatical purposes (suffixes, prefixes) I. e. k, c, ch, cc, qu all make the /k/ sound. Human speech can emit hundreds of different speech sounds, but each language only makes use of only a small number of these sounds. Speech is produced when air from the lungs passes through the larynx (aka the voice box) The lips and tongue contribute to how words sound; they affect the size and shape of the vocal tract. Consonants are produced by obstructing air flow through the vocal tract. Phonemes = smallest significant unit of sound in a language. Morphemes = smallest significant unit of meaning in a word. Can be understood at rates up to 250 words per minute, but the normal rate is 180 words per minute (about 15 phonemes per second)
