PHTY100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Pudendal Nerve, Bulbospongiosus Muscle, External Anal Sphincter
The Pelvic Floor
12.1 State the organs of the female and male pelvis:
•Female- bladder, urethra, uterus, vagina, rectum, anus
•Male- bladder, urethra, prostate, rectum, anus
12.2 Describe the compartments of the pelvic floor
•Lower urinary tract organs: bladder, urethra
•Reproductive organs:
•female- uterus, vagina
•male - prostate
•Lower GIT organs: rectum, anal canal
12.3 Describe the relative position of the pelvic organs to each
other
Anterior compartment:
•Bladder, urethra
Middle compartment:
•Uterus, vagina/ prostate
Posterior compartment:
•Rectum, anal canal
12.4 State the functions of the pelvic floor
The pelvic floor is made up of both muscle and fascia.
•Helps support the pelvic ( & abdominal ) viscera
•Contributes to increases in intra-abdominal pressure and then helps to maintain intra-abdominal
pressure
•Act as sphincters for the passageways through the pelvis- urethra, vagina, anus
•Assist in childbirth- form a ‘gutter’ for the head of the foetus
12.5 Identify, state the attachments of and deduce the actions of the muscles of the pelvic
floor:
•Coccygeus
•Levator ani
•Puborectalis
•Puboccygeus
•Ilioccygeus
12.6 Describe the endopelvic fascia and its functions
•Complex web made up of loose connective tissue, adipose
tissue and smooth muscle
•Provides a conduit for passage of nerves & blood vessels to the
organs
•Helps maintain the organs in place
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Document Summary
12. 1 state the organs of the female and male pelvis: female- bladder, urethra, uterus, vagina, rectum, anus, male- bladder, urethra, prostate, rectum, anus. 12. 2 describe the compartments of the pelvic oor: lower urinary tract organs: bladder, urethra, reproductive organs, female- uterus, vagina, male - prostate, lower git organs: rectum, anal canal. 12. 3 describe the relative position of the pelvic organs to each other. 12. 4 state the functions of the pelvic oor. 12. 5 identify, state the attachments of and deduce the actions of the muscles of the pelvic. Oor: coccygeus, levator ani, puborectalis, puboccygeus, ilioccygeus. Rectovaginal or rectovesical/rectoprostatic fascia: between rectum & either vagina (female) or bladder plus prostate (male) Uterosacral ligaments: suspends & supports the uterus and cervix in position. 12. 7 describe the perineum and its two sub- regions: anal triangle, urogenital triangle. Urogenital triangle: ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus, super cial transverse perineal, deep transverse perineal.
