PHTY100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Inferior Gemellus Muscle, Triceps Brachii Muscle, Trapezius Muscle
Belly - contractile cells, where the work happens
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Must cross a joint
Proximal attachment called the 'origin'
Distal attachment called the 'insertion'
Attachment to the skeleton
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Connective tissue
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Muscle cells called muscle fibres, which do the work
Capillary network - requires a rich blood supply for the rapid delivery of nutrients
and removal of wastes
Allows the work of the cell to be transferred to the muscle organ for
movement
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Consists of the epimysium, perimysium and endomysium
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Fibrous connective tissue
Muscle tissue
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Cells fuse together
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Multi-nucleated
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Striations
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Myofibres - muscle cells
Myofilaments - strands of protein within the muscle cells
Filaments do not shorten
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Receptor sites on the actin called troponin
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Calcium binds onto the troponin, changing its shape and opens the binding
site for myosin to latch onto the actin
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ATP releases energy to bind and drag the thin filament over the thick
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Actin and myosin filaments slide over one another to bring about muscle
shortening
Muscle structure
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3.1 Identify and describe the major components of a skeletal muscle organ –belly,
attachments, connective tissue
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3. Introductory myology and muscles of the hip region
Saturday, 11 March 2017
12:02 PM
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Muscle fibres attach directly to the bone, via a very small amount of connective
tissue
Fleshy
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Muscle fibres attach to a cord of connective tissue, which then attaches to the
bone
Tendon
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Muscle fibres attach to a sheet of connective tissue, which attaches to another
muscle
Gives muscles something to attach onto when there isn't a bone
Raphe
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Sheet of connective tissue from muscle to bone
Aponeurosis
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3.2 Describe the different types of attachments of skeletal muscle organs –tendinous, fleshy,
raphe
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Maximum shortening of the muscle belly and therefore movement at the
associated joint
Not great for force development
More range of movement, less powerful
Narrowed fibres at each end
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Biceps brachii
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Fusiform
Parallel - fibres run in a straight line between attachments
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Less shortening of the belly and so less movement at the associated joint
More power, less range of movement
Look like feathers
Oblique - fibres run on an angle between attachments
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3.3 Classify skeletal muscle on the basis of form, using the following terms:
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Document Summary
Introductory myology and muscles of the hip region. 3. 1 identify and describe the major components of a skeletal muscle organ belly, attachments, connective tissue. Belly - contractile cells, where the work happens. Muscle cells called muscle fibres, which do the work. Capillary network - requires a rich blood supply for the rapid delivery of nutrients and removal of wastes. Allows the work of the cell to be transferred to the muscle organ for movement. Myofilaments - strands of protein within the muscle cells. Actin and myosin filaments slide over one another to bring about muscle shortening. Calcium binds onto the troponin, changing its shape and opens the binding site for myosin to latch onto the actin. Atp releases energy to bind and drag the thin filament over the thick. 3. 2 describe the different types of attachments of skeletal muscle organs tendinous, fleshy, raphe. Muscle fibres attach directly to the bone, via a very small amount of connective tissue.
