PHTY100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Compressive Stress, Vertebral Column, Sesamoid Bone
Document Summary
Skeleton functions: calcium storage, protection from external sources, efficient performance of mechanical work, withstand/ recover from tensile and compressive forces, production of red and white blood cells. Bone structure: almost equally resistant to bending and compressive forces, organic components: flexibility. Inorganic components: rigidity: where bending stress high: bone tissue arranged in tightly packed units called osteons (compact bone, where compressive stress high: bone tissue arranged in criss cross patterns called trabeculae (spongy bone) Bone classification: short- tarsal, long- metatarsal, sesamoid- patella (function to increase efficiency of muscle, flat- scapula. Bone markings: strengthen bone, provide passages through the bone, promote bone to bone articulation, promote attachment sites, provide landmarks. Tuberosity- roughened bumps, ligament and muscle attachment. Foramen- hole through bone, passage and protection of soft tissue. Meatus- canal in bone, passage for forms articulation nerves. Canal- tiny longitudinal channel in on condyle, ligament attachment bone, nerves and blood vessels pass. Spine- raised crest, muscle attachment of parts of skull.
