BIOL2161 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Kozak Consensus Sequence, 16S Ribosomal Rna, Start Codon

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maroonbear853

14 Jun 2018

School

ANU

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL2161

Professor

Professor Susan Howitt

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BIOL6: Genes: Replication and

Expression

Block 3: Gene structure & regulation in eukaryotes

Eukaryotic Translation

• In prokaryotes:

o 16s rRNA

o Shine Dalgarno sequence

o 16s RNA complimentary to Shine Dalgarno sequence and is important for ribosome

assembly

• Equivalent in eukaryotes is the Kozak sequence

• Initiation

o Kozak sequence

o Includes start codon AUG

• The surrounding nucleotides help to recognise the start codon (like arrows

idiatig it’s the right start odo

• Initiation complex moves along strand until it reaches a kozak sequence with a

start codon and then starts synthesising the polypeptide

▪

•

▪ ap at 5’ ed of RNA

▪ small subunit, IF, initiator tRNA (Met-tRNA → Iitiatio ople →

recognises cap

▪ scans mRNA, location of first AUG (facilitated by Kozak sequence around

start codon)

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Related Questions

Please please please I reallly need help with the following 5 questions.

Question 1

Which of the following is responsible for directing the prokaryotic ribosome to the +1 start site:

	a.	the 3' UTR
	b.	the AUG codon
	c.	Kozak sequence
	d.	Okasaki fragment
	e.	Shine Dalgarno sequence

Question 2

In translation, mRNAs are READ in the:

	a.	5' to 3' direction and polypeptide chains are synthesized amino to the carboxyl ends
	b.	5' to 3' direction and polypeptide chains are synthesized carboxyl to the amino ends
	c.	3' to 5' direction and polypeptide chains are synthesized carboxyl to the amino ends
	d.	3' to 5' direction and polypeptide chains are synthesized amino to the carboxyl ends

Question 3

Which of the following terms describes a tRNA to which an amino acid has been added:

	a.	charged tRNA
	b.	activated tRNA
	c.	stimulated tRNA
	d.	hydrolyzed tRNA

Question 4

The ability of some tRNA to recognize more than one codon in mRNA is explained by which of the following:

	a.	a reading frameshift
	b.	a reading mistake
	c.	Redundancy Theory
	d.	Wobble Hypothesis

Question 5

One essential component in eukaryotic mRNAs recognized by translation initiation factors is the

	a.	TATA box
	b.	AUG initiation codon
	c.	7-methylguanosine cap
	d.	Shine-Dalgarno sequence

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BIOL2161 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Kozak Consensus Sequence, 16S Ribosomal Rna, Start Codon

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