GMED2001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Anaerobic Respiration, Ischemia, Major Trauma
2 Dec 2018
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Document Summary
Adenosine triphosphate (atp): the major energy source of the cell. Aerobic respiration: refers to the production of atp in the presence of oxygen. This process produces large amounts of atp, with water and carbon dioxide as by-products. Anaerobic respiration: produces atp without oxygen by breaking down carbohydrate, with lactic acid as the by-product. Apoptosis: is an active process of cellular self-destruction, called programmed cell death (e. g. skin) cellular injury: normal cellular homeostasis is not maintained. Hypoxia: lack of cellular oxygen causes an increase in anaerobic respiration, leading to a lack of sodium and potassium transport across the cell membrane. Irreversible cell injury: the point of no return passes and the cell dies (e. g. apoptosis and necrosis) Ischaemia: a reduction in blood flow to the cells. Necrosis: cellular death leading to cellular dissolution (breaking up of cell) Reversible cell injury: the cell can recover from cellular injury (e. g. ischaemia)
