PSYC104 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Learned Helplessness, Panic Disorder, Reuptake
30 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Week 9 - 10 Psychopathology
Definitions
Mental Health - state of emotional and social well being
Mental Health Problems - emotional and behavioural abnormalities which impair
functioning or causes distress
Mental Disorder - causes significant distress to self or others and impairs functioning (social,
occupational, personal, health)
Wesley Mission 2010
- 53% of people have met criteria for a mental disorder (at a certain point)
- 64% of people will know a family member or close friend with a problem
- 55% of people with a coditio would’t seek help
Prevalence
- Women are 1.25 more likely of developing a mental condition
- 16-24 are 4 times more likely (probably related to the era born)
- Reduced by education
- Increased by homelessness and incarceration
Abnormality
- Socially determined and varies with time and place
- Criteria needs to be explicit, valid (testable) and reliable
- E.g. unusual, personal distress, social disability, violating social norms, deviance?
Historic Accounts of Mental Disorders
- Possessions by demons
- Witches and devils
- Victis of God’s puishet
- Cruel, barbaric and superstitious treatments (chants, exorcisms, confinement)
Medical Model (illness as a disease)
Advantages (sickness not possession)
- Sick > sympathy replaced with fear and hatred
- Piel’s refors
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- Physical explanations for dementias
- Scientific investigation of causes and treatment
Disadvantages (disease)
- Social isolation, Labelling and stigma
- Encourages passivity
- Absence of treatments led to inhumane detention
Rise of Psychological Explanations
- Failure to find organic or neurological explanations
- Studies of hysteria (Freud)
- Most behaviours and disorders are multi-determined (biological, psychological and
social causes)
Alternative Explanations: Nature vs Nurture
Psychodynamic: neurosis, personality disorder, psychosis (everyone has a disorder)
Cognitive-Behavioural: learning and cognitive processes (can be unlearned)
Systems: family systems, roles, boundaries, alliances (helpful or unhelpful)
Evolutionary: selection of adaptive traits that aid survival, reproduction and increase
adaptive fitness (negative bias towards anxiety)
Diathesis-Stress Model
- Assumes underlying vulnerability triggers disorders
- May be biological or personal
- Environmental stress may trigger vulnerability
- Heightens our reactions to events
- Both may vary over time
Purpose of Classifying Disorders
- Encourage standardisation
- Guide to treatment
- Facilitate research
- Assist communication between professionals
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Mental health - state of emotional and social well being. Mental health problems - emotional and behavioural abnormalities which impair functioning or causes distress. Mental disorder - causes significant distress to self or others and impairs functioning (social, occupational, personal, health) 53% of people have met criteria for a mental disorder (at a certain point) 64% of people will know a family member or close friend with a problem. 55% of people with a co(cid:374)ditio(cid:374) would(cid:374)"t seek help. Women are 1. 25 more likely of developing a mental condition. 16-24 are 4 times more likely (probably related to the era born) Socially determined and varies with time and place. Criteria needs to be explicit, valid (testable) and reliable. Cruel, barbaric and superstitious treatments (chants, exorcisms, confinement) Sick > sympathy replaced with fear and hatred. Absence of treatments led to inhumane detention. Failure to find organic or neurological explanations. Most behaviours and disorders are multi-determined (biological, psychological and social causes)
