ANAT20006 Lecture Notes - Lecture 30: External Anal Sphincter, Urogenital Triangle, Pelvic Floor
1 Feb 2020
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Lecture 30 reproductive system female (11. 3) Dotted line: pelvic diaphragm separates pelvis from perineum + supports viscera above + forms attachment for external genitalia below. Levator ani muscle: contains opening for pelvic viscera, urogenital hiatus, anal aperture. 3 major parts of levator ani muscle: puborectalis (faecal continence, sling formed around rectum, kinks the rectum holds contents, pubococcygeus, more lateral down to coccyx. External anal sphincter (skeletal muscle) under conscious control. Covers urogenital triangle (anterior part) opening to urethra (male and female) and vagina (female) Deep perineal pouch: space above perineal membrane and below levator ani, contains skeletal muscle that form sphincters around urethra and vagina. Levator ani and perineal membrane can be injured during child birth: puborectalis and puboccygeus often torn. Muscles in deep perineal pouch can also be involved. In females these muscles support urethra, uterus, vagina, and rectum. Urinary stress incontinence and prolapse of uterus may result and even faecal incontinence. Attached to uterus by ligament of ovary.
