BIOL10002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Antibody, Myc, Cell Potency
31 May 2018
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Department
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Professor
Saturday, 8 April 2017
Stem Cells
What is a stem cell?
-An unspecialised cell sitting in tissue
-Capable of self-renewal
-Rounded cell with large nucleus
-In body for whole life ignores signalling molecules
-Become specialised by signalling molecules
-Over 200 specialised cells in body
-Potency- Ability to differentiate (how many cell types)
Totipotent—> Whole organism (fertilised egg/zygote)
Pluripotent —> All cell types of embryo (blastocyst)
Multipotent/Somatic stem cells (limited, in tissues) —> Blood, muscle, Bone, cartilage
(umbilical cord blood stem cells)
Unipotent —> Once stem cells, Oogonia, spermatogonia
Development
8 cells go close together— Compaction
Some cells on outside (trophoblast), others on outside (Inner cell mass) —>
Blastocyst
This is when we can take stem cells ONLY SURPLUS IVF EMBRYOS
EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
Isolate inner cell mass
culture in vitro
immortal (unlimited numbers)
self-renewal
pluripotent
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find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
In body for whole life ignores signalling molecules. Potency- ability to differentiate (how many cell types) Pluripotent > all cell types of embryo (blastocyst) Multipotent/somatic stem cells (limited, in tissues) > blood, muscle, bone, cartilage (umbilical cord blood stem cells) Some cells on outside (trophoblast), others on outside (inner cell mass) > This is when we can take stem cells only surplus ivf embryos. Isolate inner cell mass culture in vitro immortal (unlimited numbers) self-renewal pluripotent. House in incubator at 37 degrees with 2-20% oxygen. Cells grow, divide and can be induced to become specialised. Reprogramming somatic cells to es-like cells- induces pluripotent es- Add transcription factors (oct4, sox2, c-myc, klf-4)- yamanaka factors. Mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent . Somatic cell nuclei are not permanently specialised. Can be induced to change specialisation- given corned signals. Can become any specialised somatic cell spontaneously or add speci c signals.
