BIOL10003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 29: Gene Expression, Transcription Bubble, Polymerization

58 views2 pages

magentamuskrat643

12 Nov 2018

School

University of Melbourne

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL10003

Professor

All

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

T(cid:396)a(cid:374)s(cid:272)(cid:396)i(cid:271)i(cid:374)g = sa(cid:373)e (cid:858)la(cid:374)guage(cid:859) i. e. dna rna. Each cell contains the entire human genome; however, differential gene expression allows different cells to make different proteins and hence be different from other cells. Genes have specific sections: (utr = untranslated region) Three key processes: initiation - start (rna polymerase binds to the promotor region, elongation - generation of mrna (rna polymerase moves along, termination - stop of transcription (rna pol dissociates) Rna polymerase catalyses the addition of nucleotides, does not require a primer. Eukaryotes three types (rna polymerase ii is the most important) Stretches of dna with the same or similar base pairs, recognised by rna polymerases. Rna 5 subunits (2 , 1 , 1 (cid:859), (cid:1005) , factor) Recognise the promoters and cause initiation: fa(cid:272)to(cid:396) (cid:894)as pa(cid:396)t of holoe(cid:374)zy(cid:373)e(cid:895) (cid:271)i(cid:374)ds p(cid:396)o(cid:373)ote(cid:396) (cid:894)dete(cid:396)(cid:373)i(cid:374)es (cid:449)he(cid:396)e na sy(cid:374)thesis (cid:271)egi(cid:374)s(cid:895) = Closed complex: rna polymerase switches to open complex and forms transcription bubble (cid:1007).

Related Questions

Which type of RNA is unique to eukaryotes?

		mRNA
		rRNA
		tRNA
		snRNA
		Its a trick, all cells have all four types of RNA.

1 points

QUESTION 2

The region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is the:

		origin
		promoter
		enhancer
		none of the above are correct

1 points

QUESTION 3

Holoenzyme:

		is RNA polymerase core enzyme.
		is sigma factor.
		is core plus sigma factor.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 4

Which of these is formed FIRST when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter?

		The closed promoter complex
		The open promoter complex
		A rho-independent terminator
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 5

A hairpin loop followed by a run of Us:

		is the sequence formed in the sense strand of a gene using a rho-independent terminator.
		is the sequence recognized by the rho protein.
		is the structure formed in RNA that causes rho-independent termination.
		is formed immediately after the open promoter complex is formed.

1 points

QUESTION 6

RNA polymerase:

		reads the template strand of the DNA in the 3' to 5' direction.
		synthesizes the RNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
		can begin transcription without a primer.
		all of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 7

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

		Bacteria like E. coli have only one type of sigma factor.
		RNA polymerase has no proofreading activity.
		The promoter of a gene is upstream of the RNA-coding region.
		Bacterial transcriptional terminators are copied into RNA to cause termination.

1 points

QUESTION 8

If the template strand of a gene has the sequence 5' ATGCGAT 3', then:

		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUGCGAU 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' UAGCGUA 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUCGCAU 3'.
		None of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 9

The sense strand:

		is the lagging strand
		is also the template strand.
		always goes left to right.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 10

Which of these is transcribed but not translated?

		mRNA
		tRNA
		rRNA
		all of the above
		tRNA and rRNA are transcribed but not translated.

please help i am a bit confused

22. What is probably the single most important distinction between bacteria and eukaryotes?

a. transcription

b. the separation of the cell's genetic material from the surrounding cytoplasm

c. the existence of ribosomes

d. RNA processing in bacteria

e. antibiotics

23. Which one does NOT characterize an open reading frame (ORF)

a. Uses six reading frames during translation

b. Contains a start codon

c. Contains a stop codon

d. Its length is in multiples of 3 nucleotides

e. It should have the number of codons for a protein or on average ~250 codons in length.

24. Nested intronic genes lie within the non-coding intronic region of a larger gene, and occur in the human genome.

a. True

b. False

25. How would you characterize this statement: EF-Tu will hydrolyze GTP only if the codon:anticodon & tRNA:amino acid matchings are correct

a. Transcription; initiation steps

b. Transcription; termination steps

c. Translation: initiation steps

d. Tanslation: elongation steps

e. Spliceosome

26. Regarding the transcription unit architecture of the Escherichia coli genome, which one is FALSE?

a. Each of the 4,661 transcription units comprised an average of 1.1 modular units.

b. 3,010 transcription units (~65%) are monocistronic.

c. 1,652 transcription units (35%) contain more than one ORF (polycistronic)

d. The largest transcription unit is equivalent to 16 ORFs with numerous introns.

e. 398 transcription units (~9%) are nested within each other in opposite transcriptional orientation

27. Regarding RNA interference (RNAi), which one is FALSE?

a. It is a common and conserved mechanism in eukaryotic cells.

b. Originally discovered in bacteria and plant viruses.

c. A form of primitive immunity to protect the genome.

d. Pre microRNA (miRNA) genes have been found in introns.

e. Recent research shows that exogenous plant miRNAs in food can regulate the expression of target genes in mammals.

28. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases

a. Recognize the 3âUTR

b. The genes for these enzymes fall into the family of inducible genes

c. The enzymes are imported into the nucleus

d. Covalently attaches an amino acid to the appropriate tRNA. This takes place in the cytoplasm.

e. Forms the peptide bond during protein synthesis

29. What is the process by which complementary RNAs are made from a DNA template?

a. translation

b. transcription

c. protein synthesis

d. transduction

e. transliteration

cyanbee225

BIOL10003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 29: Gene Expression, Transcription Bubble, Polymerization

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

BIOL10003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Small Interfering Rna, Gene Expression, Noncoding Dna

Biology 1002B Study Guide - Final Guide: Tata Box, Precursor Mrna, Stop Codon

BIO_SC 2200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Thymine, Guanosine, Sigma Factor

Related Questions