ACC1200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Cash Flow, Financial Statement, Income Statement

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blackreindeer811

22 May 2018

School

Monash University

Department

Accounting

Course

ACC1200

Professor

ROBERT CORNICK & ALICE LOW

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Week 5: Statement of Cash Flow

RECAP:

General Purpose financial statements: used to meet the needs of common information for external

users to assist them in decision making

• Balance sheet: wealth of entity at the point in time

o A, L, OE

• Statement of changes in equity: how the owner's wealth has changed during a financial period,

reconciles the OE value at the start and the end

• Income statement: shows the income performance, shows profit or the loss

• Statement of cash flows: focusses on activities only based on cash

Statement of cash flows

Shows activities and transactions that have been transacted in cash.

Profit vs Cash

• Profit: Recognizes the income when it earned and expense when it is incurred, regardless of

whether cash is received or paid at that time. It recognises accrual accounting methods.

• Cash: Based upon exchanges of cash only, provides details on where cash came from and

where it was spent on.

Importance of cash flow in a business

If they are unable to pay their employees, creditors etc, then they will be forced into bankruptcy,

liquidate assets to pay back debt or lose the opportunity of purchasing on credit.

Businesses can do the following to prevent the lack of cash:

• Follow good business practices (customer credit policies)

• Prepare a cash flow forecast or cash budget: an estimate of the cash coming and going out of

the business, helps to identify possible future cash shortages and allows the time needed to

take corrective action

Definition of cash

All cash, cash on hand and cash equivalents, for example

• Notes and coins

• Deposit call accounts at financial institutions

• Cash equivalents

• Short term, highly liquid investments easily converted to known amounts of cash with little

risk of a change in value

o Investments with maturity of less than 3 months

o Bank overdrafts

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Types of cash flows:

1. Operational cash flows: cash received or spent as a result of a company's business activities

a. Payment to creditors

b. Cash received

2. Investment cash flows: cash received or spent through investing activities

a. Purchasing and selling of assets

3. Financing cash flows: cash received or paid out as debt through repayments

a. Loans

b. Payments to pay debts

Working Capital = current assets - current liabilities

Cash cycle

Format for the statement of cash flows

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Document Summary

General purpose financial statements: used to meet the needs of common information for external users to assist them in decision making: balance sheet: wealth of entity at the point in time, a, l, oe. Statement of changes in equity: how the owner"s wealth has changed during a financial period, reconciles the oe value at the start and the end. Income statement: shows the income performance, shows profit or the loss. Statement of cash flows: focusses on activities only based on cash. Shows activities and transactions that have been transacted in cash. Profit vs cash: profit: recognizes the income when it earned and expense when it is incurred, regardless of whether cash is received or paid at that time. It recognises accrual accounting methods: cash: based upon exchanges of cash only, provides details on where cash came from and where it was spent on.

Related Questions

1) The statement of cash flows is used for _____.

A. showing the relationship of net income to changes in currentassets

B. determining a company%u2019s acceptable level of debtfinancing

C. revealing commitments that may restrict future courses ofaction

D. evaluating the creditworthiness of the organization

2) Nonoperating items on the income statement _____.

A. are revenues and expenses arising from adjusting entries

B. include interest income and expense

C. appear only on corporate income statements

D. appear on the income statement immediately after grossprofit

3) The difference between a single-step and multiple-step incomestatement is that a single-step income statement _____.

A. groups all revenues together and all expenses together, whereasa multiple-step income statement separates certain revenues andexpenses from each other and presents subtotals

B. calculates net income using one method, whereas a multiple-stepincome statement calculates net income using two or moremethods

C. calculates gross profit and operating income, whereas amultiple-step income statement does not

D. shows only 1 year's net income, whereas a multiple-step incomestatement shows multiple years' net income

4) Which one of the following statements is true?

A. The statement of cash flows reports the cash receipts but notcash payments of an entity over a period of time.

B. Both the statement of cash flows and the income statementdetermine the net income for a company.

C. Transactions affecting the sale and the purchase or productionof goods and services are reported in the financing activitiessection of the statement of cash flows.

D. Investing activities in the statement of cash flows includeacquiring and selling long-term assets.

5) The _____ accounting convention uses the acquisition cost minusdepreciation in valuing an asset on the balance sheet.

A. continuity

B. conservatism

C. cost-benefit

D. materiality

6) A new corporation issuing a common, no-par value stock for cashwould include a journal entry a debit to _____.

A. paid-in capital and a credit to retained earnings.

B. cash and a credit to common stock.

C. retained earnings and a credit to cash.

D. cash and a credit to retained income.

7) Which type of organization would most likely havework-in-process inventory?

A. A retail store

B. A manufacturing company

C. A service organization

D. A real-estate investment trust

8) _____ is a measure of income or profit divided by the investmentrequired to obtain that income or profit.

A. Return on sales

B. Capital turnover

C. Return on investment

D. Residual income

9) The following information is available for the PeterCompany:

Sales: $150,000

Invested capital: $156,250

ROI: 10%

The return on sales is _____.

A. 10.00%

B. 10.42%

C. 62.50%

D. 9.60%

10) The following information is available for the PeterCompany:

Sales: $500,000

Invested capital: $312,500

ROI: 10%

The return on sales is _____.

A. 10.00%

B. 6.250%

C. 1.000%

D. 62.50%

1. Which statement is normally prepared first? (Points : 3) Income statement Balance sheet Statement of cash flows Retained earnings statement2. When a business borrows money, it incurs a(n) (Points : 3) tax. liability. cash payment. all of these.3. More than 70% of businesses are organized as what type of business? (Points : 3) Not-for-profit Corporation Partnership Sole proprietorship4. Brennan, Inc. had revenues of $234,000, expenses of $175,000, and dividends of $40,000 during 2009. Which of the following statements is correct? (Points : 3) Net income for 2009 totaled $19,000. Net income for 2009 totaled $59,000. Total retained earnings increased by $59,000 during 2009. Total retained earnings decreased by $40,000 during 2009.5. The statement of cash flows is integrated with the balance sheet because (Points : 3) the cash at the beginning of the period plus or minus the cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities equals the end of period cash reported on the balance sheet. the cash at the beginning of the period plus or minus the net income equals the end of period cash reported on the balance sheet. the cash at the beginning of the period plus or minus assets and liabilities equals the end of period cash reported on the balance sheet. the cash at the beginning of the period plus or minus the cash flows from operating activities equals the end of period cash reported on the balance sheet.6. The basic financial statements do NOT include the (Points : 3) income statement. tax return balance sheet. statement of cash flows.7. A __________ is an economic event that under generally accepted accounting principles affects an element of the financial statements and must be recorded. (Points : 3) framework control set of rules transaction8. The payment of a liability (Points : 3) decreases assets and stockholders' equity. increases assets and decreases liabilities. decreases assets and increases liabilities. decreases assets and decreases liabilities. 9. Co. received $1,000 from Newbie as rent for the use of a building owned by UNI. How does this transaction affect UNI's accounts if UNI recognizes a liability? (Points : 3) Cash is increased and revenue is increased. Cash is increased and revenue is decreased. Cash is increased and unearned revenue is increased. It is not recorded.10. Depreciation Expense and Accumulated Depreciation are classified, respectively, as (Points : 3) expense and contra asset. asset and contra liability. revenue and asset. contra asset and expense.11. Deferred expenses (prepaid expenses) are items initially recorded as assets but are expected to become __________ over time. (Points : 3) Liabilities Assets stockholders%u2019 equity Expenses12. A&M Co. provided services of $1,000,000 to clients on account. How does this transaction affect A&M%u2019s accounts? (Points : 3) Increase accounts receivable and cash by $1,000,000 each Increase accounts receivable and revenues by $1,000,000 each Increase accounts receivable and unearned revenues by $1,000,000 each No effect at this time13. Multiple-step income statements show: (Points : 3) gross profit but not income from operations. neither gross profit nor income from operations. both gross profit and income from operations. income from operations but not gross profit.14. Since merchandise inventory is normally sold within a year, how is it reported on the balance sheet? (Points : 3) As a revenue As the cost of merchandise sold It does not appear on the Balance Sheet As a current asset15. The credit terms of a sale are normally indicated on a(n) (Points : 3) purchase order. invoice. bill of lading. account receivable.16. Inventory shortage is recorded when (Points : 3) merchandise is returned by a buyer. merchandise purchased from a seller is incomplete or short. merchandise is returned to a seller. there is a difference between a physical count of inventory and inventory records. 17. The bank reconciliation (Points : 3) should be prepared by an employee who records cash transactions. is part of the internal control system. is for information purposes only. is sent to the bank for verification.18. A special cash fund used to make small payments that occur frequently is called a(n) (Points : 3) operating expenses fund. change fund. market fund. petty cash fund.19. The objectives of internal control are to (Points : 3) control the internal organization of the accounting department personnel and equipment. provide reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded, information is processed accurately, and laws and regulations are complied with. prevent fraud and promote the social interest of the company. provide control over %u201Cinternal-use only%u201D reports and employee internal conduct.20. When a firm uses internal auditors, it is adhering to which of the following internal control elements? (Points : 3) Risk assessment Proofs and security measures Monitoring Separating responsibilities for related operations21. What type of account is Allowance for Doubtful Accounts? (Points : 3) Contra asset Asset Revenue Expense22. Merchandise inventory is reported on the balance sheet in the section entitled (Points : 3) current assets. fixed assets. current liabilities. stockholders' equity.23. Receivables are usually a significant portion of (Points : 3) total current liabilities. total liabilities. total current assets. total assets.24. The inventory data for an item for November are: Nov.1 Inventory 25 units at $20 10 Purchased 30 units at $21 30 Purchased 10 units at $22 Sold 35 unitsUsing the first-in, first-out method, what is the cost of the merchandise inventory of 30 units on November 30? (Points : 3) $640 $605 $623 $66025. All amounts paid to get an asset in place and ready for use are referred to as (Points : 3) capital expenditures. revenue expenditures. residual value. cost of an asset.26. Fixed assets are ordinarily presented in the balance sheet (Points : 3) at current market values. at replacement costs. at cost less accumulated depreciation. in a separate section along with intangible assets.27. Goodwill is (Points : 3) amortized similar to other intangibles. only written down if an impairment in value occurs. charged to expense immediately. amortized over 40 years or its economic life, whichever is shorter.28. If a capital expenditure is treated as a revenue expenditure, then (Points : 3) expenses are overstated and owners' equity is understated. expenses are overstated and assets are overstated. expenses are understated and owners' equity is overstated. net income is overstated and owners' equity is understated.29. A bond indenture is (Points : 3) a contract between the corporation issuing the bonds and the underwriters selling the bonds. the amount due at the maturity date of the bonds. a contract between the corporation issuing the bonds and the bondholders. the amount for which the corporation can buy back the bonds prior to the maturity date.30. Gross earnings for a payroll period less payroll deductions are referred to as (Points : 3) overtime pay. bonus pay. gross pay. net pay.31. How is treasury stock shown on the balance sheet? (Points : 3) As an asset As a decrease in stockholders' equity As an increase in stockholders' equity Treasury stock is not shown on the balance sheet.32. Current liabilities are (Points : 3) due but not receivable for more than one year. due but not payable for more than one year. due and receivable within one year. due and payable within one year.33. The total earnings of an employee for a payroll period are referred to as (Points : 3) take-home pay. pay net of taxes. net pay. gross pay.34. Where is interest expense listed on the income statement? (Points : 3) Other expense section Cost of merchandise sold Operating expenses Interest expense is on the balance sheet, not the income statement.35. A corporation has 50,000 shares of $100 par value stock outstanding. If the corporation issues a 4-for-1 stock split, the number of shares outstanding after the split will be (Points : 3) 200,000 shares. 50,000 shares. 250,000 shares. 12,500 shares.

sangriaporpoise636

Multiple choice:

1. Any report can be redesigned by viewing the report andclicking the:

a. Options icon

b. Setup icon

c. Design icon

d. Recreate icon

. 2. In Peachtree, the Receipts window is alsoknown as the:

a. Sales journal

b. Cash receipts journal

c. Purchase journal

d. Cash disbursements journal

3. The Statement of Retained Earnings beginswith the beginning balance followed by:

a. Plus net Income (loss) plus adjustments to date

b. Plus net Income (loss) plus investments

c. Plus investments less dividends

d. Plus investments plus net Income (loss. Less dividends

4. The income statement is a summary of:

a. Cash receipts and where they came from.

b. Cash payments and what they were used for

c. The overall change in cash

d. Revenues and expenses over a period of time

5. You enter all checks, cash and credit cardsales in the:

a. Sales Receipts window

b. Receive Money window

c. Payments window

d.General Journal Entry window

6. Cash associated with the purchase of landwould be reported in the statement of cash flows under the:

a. Operating activities section

b. Financing activities section

c. Investing activities section

d. A separate schedule

7. In this method of posting, the transactionsyou enter are saved in a temporary holding area where you canreview them before posting to the general ledger:

a. Batch posting

b. Real-time posting

c. Cash basis posting

d. Accrual basis posting

8. The Sales/Invoicing window is also known asthe:

a. Purchase journal

b. Cash receipts journal

c. Sales journal

d. Cash disbursements journal

9. When you print or display a report, you canfilter the departmentalized report using____________________________ characters:

a. A prefix

b. Wildcard

c. Hexadecimal

d. Text-based

10. The report listing outstanding vendor billsby age of the bill is called the:

a. Aged Payables report
b. Cash Disbursements Journal

c. Cash Requirements report

d. Items Purchased from Vendors report

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ACC1200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Cash Flow, Financial Statement, Income Statement

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