BMS2021 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Securin, Cytokinesis, Nuclear Membrane
15 Aug 2018
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Week 6 drugs & xenobiotics: liver metabolism. Describe the factors important in absorption and distribution. Pharmacokinetics: how the body interacts with the drug. Pharmacodynamics: how drugs act to alter body function. Avoids stomach acid and gut enzymes e. g. nitroglycerin: rectal (can be fairly rapid) e. g. diazepam for emergency treatment of epilepsy in children. Final target for drugs (cid:862) (cid:455)ste(cid:373)i(cid:272) (cid:272)ir(cid:272)ulatio(cid:374) a(cid:374)d plas(cid:373)a cf adrenaline and other hormones. Fast access to the brain but a transient effect as the drug is readily redistributed (not bc. Aim is to convert non-polar lipid soluble compounds to polar lipid insoluble compounds. Most hydrophilic drugs are less biotransformed and excreted unchanged. Liver microsomal enzymes (main site but also in gut and kidney) Some drugs are pro-drugs and activated by metabolism. Oxidation or reduction or hydrolysis which produces more water- soluble metabolite. Metabolite is combined with endogenous molecule (e. g. glucuronide acetyl) producing even more water soluble molecule. All types of metabolism (protein, lipid, carbohydrate, vitamin, mineral)
