PSY3032 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Melting Pot, Pressure Cooking, Anomie
24 Jun 2018
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ATS 1262 Week 10
The cultural context of social relations
Social Identity theory- Taifel and turner
People seek self-esteem through group membership
In an attempt to assure themselves they are in the right or best group, they in
some capacity ostracise or devalue the other groups
People will favour their in-group in distribution of resource or rewards. (Group
Favouritism)
Minimal Group Paradigm- people establish salient group boundaries based on
even the most banal or minimal difference (eg over-counters and under-
counters)
oDoes ingroup love inherently equal outgroup hate?
oAllport (1954)recognized that attachment to one’s ingroups does not necessarily
require hostility toward outgroups
Allport’s Intergroup Contact Hypothesis
oIntergroup contact can be beneficial under the right conditions:
Equal status
Common Goals
Interdependent Cooperation
Support of Authorities, Laws, and Customs
Pettigrew’s (1998) Reformulation of Intergroup Contact Theory
“The power of cross-group friendship to reduce prejudice and generalize to other
outgroups demands a fifth condition for the contact hypothesis:
-The contact situation must provide the participants with the opportunity to
become friends
- Other intergroup processes occur when there is sustained contact over extended
periods of time, eg: Acculturation
Defining Acculturation
Reddfield, Linton and Herskovits (1936)
-Acculturation comprehends those phenomena which result when groups of
individuals having different cultures come into continuous first-hand contact,
with subsequent changes in the original culture patterns of either or both group
syunder this definition, acculturation is to be distinguished from culture change,
of which it is but one aspect, and assimilation, which is at times a phase of
acculturation.
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ATS 1262 Week 10
The Assimilation Model
Ethnocultual Maintenance (Identity, Tradition, Values, Behaviours, customs) -
Assimilation: Cultural Adaptation (Adaption of Majority Identity, Traditions, Values,
Behaviours, Customs)
John Berry
There are two separate but related questions (with a later-introduced variant on the
second_ that migrants and ethnocultural minorities face:
1. Do I want to maintain the culture and traditions of my ethnocultural background?
2. Do I want to develop and maintain relationships with other groups (especially the
host/majority)?
The second question has a alternate variant commonly used:
2b. Do I want to adopt the culture and traditions of the host/majority group?
Berry’s Bidimensional Model of Acculturation
Augmented Bidimensional Model of Acculturation
Corresponding Strategies of the Larger Society
Each of the four acculturation orientations has a corresponding “strategy’ in the larger
society:
Integration= multiculturalism
Assimilation= Melting pot/ Pressure cooker
Separation= segregation
Marginalisation= exclusion
Disentangling Discourse: Integration
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Document Summary
In an attempt to assure themselves they are in the right or best group, they in some capacity ostracise or devalue the other groups. People will favour their in-group in distribution of resource or rewards. (group. Allport"s intergroup contact hypothesis: intergroup contact can be beneficial under the right conditions: The power of cross-group friendship to reduce prejudice and generalize to other outgroups demands a fifth condition for the contact hypothesis: The contact situation must provide the participants with the opportunity to become friends. Other intergroup processes occur when there is sustained contact over extended periods of time, eg: acculturation. Ethnocultual maintenance (identity, tradition, values, behaviours, customs) - Assimilation: cultural adaptation (adaption of majority identity, traditions, values, The second question has a alternate variant commonly used: Each of the four acculturation orientations has a corresponding strategy" in the larger society: Integration is a commonly used word but for many different things.
