MGMT1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Expectancy Theory, Profit Sharing, Job Enrichment
18 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
5 – Motivating Employees
Motivation: Psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behaviour
• Personal factors
Personality, ability, core self-evaluations, emotions, attitudes, needs
• Contextual factors
Organisational culture/design, cross-cultural values, physical environment,
rewards/reinforcement, group norms, communication tech, leader behaviour
• Simple model of motivation:
Unfulfilled need → motivation → behaviours → rewards → feedback
• Rewards:
Extrinsic – satisfaction in the payoff from others (i.e. money)
Intrinsic – satisfaction in performing the task itself (i.e. accomplishment)
Content perspectives on employee motivation
• Needs-based perspectives, emphasise the needs that motivate people
Needs – physiological or psychological deficiencies that arouse behaviour
• Maslos hierarchy of needs
1. Physiological – needed to survive (i.e. food, clothing, shelter, comfort)
2. Safety – physical safety and emotional security (avoiding violence/ threats)
3. Love/belonging – people look for love, friendship and affection
4. Esteem – self-respect, status, reputation, recognition and self-confidence
5. Self-actualisation – self-fulfillet, deelop oes fullest potetial
• Alderfers E‘G theory
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Motivation: psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behaviour: personal factors. Personality, ability, core self-evaluations, emotions, attitudes, needs: contextual factors. Organisational culture/design, cross-cultural values, physical environment, rewards/reinforcement, group norms, communication tech, leader behaviour: simple model of motivation: Unfulfilled need motivation behaviours rewards feedback: rewards: Extrinsic satisfaction in the payoff from others (i. e. money) Intrinsic satisfaction in performing the task itself (i. e. accomplishment) Content perspectives on employee motivation: needs-based perspectives, emphasise the needs that motivate people. Relatedness desire meaningful relationships with other people. Growth desire emotional and intellectual growth as human beings: david m(cid:272)clella(cid:374)d(cid:859)s acquired needs theory. Achievement to excel, do something better or more efficiently. Affiliation desire for friendly and warm relations with other people. Power desire to be responsible for other people, influence their behaviour or to control them (a) negative personal power (political behaviours) (b) positive institutional power (solve problems that help organisational goals: herz(cid:271)erg(cid:859)s t(cid:449)o-factor theory.
