MEDI111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Central Nervous System, Peripheral Nervous System, Sensory Neuron
6 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
Sends coded signals: receive, process and analyse information, sensory receptors detect internal and external changes. Formulates a response: conscious or reflex actions, activation of effector organs (muscles and glands) produces a response. Central nervous system (cns: brain and spinal cord. Peripheral nervous system (pns: nerves projecting outside brain and spinal cord. Long life - >100 years: amitotic do not divide (several exceptions, high metabolic rate dependent on continuous supply of oxygen and glucose, plasma membrane functions in chemical and electrical signaling. Neuronal cell body: biosynthetic centre of a neuron, spherical nucleus with nucleolus surrounded by cytoplasm, rough er, neurotransmitters (proteins, other proteins required by cell, golgi apparatus, well developed, processes and packages proteins received from er. Dendrites: receive information, hundreds of tree-like clusters of short projections, have dendritic spines synapse with other neurons. Myelin sheath: segmented sheath around most long or large diameter axons, functions, protect and electrically insulate axon, prevent charge leakage.
