BIOL1006 Lecture 14: Lecture 14
Lecture 14: Population genetics
The structure of populations
The gene pool
- All alleles, at all loci, in all individuals
- Alleles, not individuals, are the units of selection.
- Specific alleles (genotype) determine survival and reproduction
The Hardy Weinberg Law
‘allele frequencies remain the same from generation to generation unless acted on by a force/
Assumptions:
- Random mating among individuals
- Large population
- No mutation
Document Summary
All alleles, at all loci, in all individuals. Alleles, not individuals, are the units of selection. Specific alleles (genotype) determine survival and reproduction. Allele frequencies remain the same from generation to generation unless acted on by a force/ Consider two alleles at one locus (a and a) Frequency of the a allele in the gene pool is p. Frequency of a allele in the gene pool is q p + q = 1. So, if 75% (0. 75) of the alleles are at the locus are a, then the remaining 25% (0. 25) of the alleles must be a. Note: we are mixing gametes and alleles from the entire population, not just a single. Calculate the frequency of carriers in a population. Frequency of cystic fibrosis in australia is 1 in 2500 births. Therefore, the frequency of the recessive cf allele is: Example: 10 diseases each at frequency q = 0. 01. P(individual is a carrier for any one = 2pq) = 0. 02.