PSY4111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Animal Cognition, Ingroups And Outgroups, Mania
24 Jul 2018
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A force that moves organisms to behave as they do. A force or urge that may not result in behaviour. Approach motivation impulse to move towards a stimulus. Avoidance motivation impulse to move away from a stimulus. Voluntary related to behaviour, often possess 2 or more conflicting motivations, self-control may require choosing a long term goal over a short term goal. May be difficult to put into words, subject to rationalisation. Charles darwin instincts are unlearned responses to stimuli that are universal. Adaptive assumes organisms are motivated to engage in behaviours that help them to pass genes, humans have flexibility of behaviour. Adaptive tasks mating, parenting, nutrition, social relations. Behaviour must evolve hand in hand with anatomy, there is a continuity between animals and humans, we must abandon the idea that animals have instincts and humans have minds. Adaptations are inherited, expression depends on the environment. By-products not adaptive eg; whiteness of bones does not lead to survival.
