LCB006 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Constructivist Epistemology, Cultural-Historical Psychology, Medical Model
14 Jun 2018
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1. Constructivist epistemology (how do we come to know what we know?)
• How do we learn?
• What is truth?
• We construct meaning with others
• E.g. a student isn't left out in a class when he's doing Maths and brought back in
when he's doing PE
2. Sociocultural theory of teaching and learning
• Consider the backgrounds to make teaching more engaging for students
• We learn and teach in a social context
• Think about inclusion and exclusion on service learning - link to these theories to make
better sense of what is happening; explain why this is happening
▪ Help to understand why some people are excluding children
• While on Service-Learning: Raise critical awareness and think about alternative practice;
ways students could be taught, engaged, participate even more in activities, what could
be done in a different way
• Think about teaching as a political and moral act
• Reflection:
▪ Thinking
▪ Analysis
▪ Interpretation
▪ Introspection
▪ Self-scrutiny
• Medical model of disability: defines disability as an illness or a difference from a oal ody
o id i eed of teatet to ake the idividual oal ad pevet the fo
distuig oal othes p. 70
• Social model of disability: defines disability as a limitation placed on a person with a disability
by physical and social aageets desiged oly fo those deeed ale odied. As this
represents discrimination and repression, it requires political action for change (p. 71)
• Social justice: faiess ad euity i soietys politial, eooi ad soial istitutios ased
on a philosophy that places value on collective action for the collective good (p. 73)
• Think about teaching as a political and moral act
Social Democracy:
• Accepts capitalist arrangements but with regulations that ensure the social good is maintained
as a central feature of economic policy and that collective action for the collective good (is
valued?) (Ballard, 2012, p.72)
• Politics of redistribution: the wealth and related resources of society are shared (redistributed)
through taxation and public control of services, such as health and education, so that fairness
is supported and limits placed on extremes of wealth and poverty (Ballard, 2012; p. 73)
• Politics of recognition: acknowledges that differences in areas such as gender, culture and
sexuality can involve differences in power and influence, so that policy that supports equity
and self-determination is needed for minority and other oppressed groups (Ballard, 2012; p.
73)
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