9808 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Reflex Arc, Blood Vessel, Motor Cortex

• School: University of Canberra
• Department: University of Canberra
• Course: 9808
• Professor: Julie Cooke

Document Summary

"messages from subconscious" - hypothalamus plays a big role. Ans consisting of motor neurons that innervate cardiac and smooth muscles, glands, and organs. Effectors make small adjustments to ensure optimal support for all bodily activities - maintaining homeostasis. Sympathetic: excitement, embarrassment, exercise, emergency = increased heart rate, breathing etc. Controls blood pressure and keeps blood vessels in continuous state of partial constriction (sympathetic tone). Exerts long lasting, diffuse effects - takes longer to relax. 2 neuron chain pathway: pre-ganglionic nerve: from cns to synapse. All neurons have light myelination and all release ach into cleft. Ach always excites post-neuron, always stimulatory: post-ganglioninc: all myelinated. Parasympathetic releases ach which is a quick localised response but sympathetic releases adrenaline and it is long lasting and diffuse. Axon of somatic extends all the way, no ganglion, one myelinated neuron, autonomic have ganglionic. In sympathetic, pre-synaptic is short and post is long and vice versa for para sympatheti.