PSYC 1013 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: External Validity, Statistical Inference, Internal Validity
4 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Science: peer-reviewed, maintain rigorous standards for honesty and accuracy, reproducible results demanded, failure are searched for and studied closely, over time, more is learned about processes under study, convinces by evidence or logical reasoning. Pseudoscience: not peered-reviewed, no rigorous standards for, honesty & accuracy, results cannot be reproduced or verified, failures are ignored, excused, or hidden, over time, nothing new is learned, convinces by faith or belief. Incorporates information and observation that we know to be true: are testable, supported by new research findings, are parsimonious the simpler the better, theories are not necessarily true. Initial observation/question: form testable hypothesis can be defined and measured, test hypothesis, conduct research, analyze data, do results support the hypothesis, do further research and build a theory, adjust theory on the basis of new findings. Formulate theories > derive predictions > test predictions. The sample: sample a part of a population, or group that a research wants to study and make inferences about.
