BIOL 1F90 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Anagenesis, Cladogenesis, Phylogenetic Tree
19 Feb 2017
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State the three domains of life: bacteria, archaea, eukarya. Describe the difference between shared primitive and shared derived characteristics: symplesiomorphicx, synapomorphic. Differentiate among monophyletic, paraphyletic, polyphyletic groups: monophyletic: single unit as classification rank, paraphyletic: leave someone out, polyphyletic: take people from. Explain why a classification system containing class reptilia and class aves is not valid. Incorrect because birds are derived from reptiles and are in fact reptiles, and have lost the scaly skin and feathers instead, feathered reptiles. Identify cladogenetic and/or anagenetic events on a phylogenetic tree. Explain why only shared, derived characters indicate a close evolutionary relationship: synapomorphic. Because shared derived traits give you more info about relatedness that. Understand how a cladogram is constructed symplesiomorphy. Explain how a phylogenetic tree can indicate the timing of species diversification. Define what is meant by parsimony and know how the principle of parsimony is used in phylogenetic reconstruction: occum"s razor: the simplest path.
