CHEM 1F92 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Buffer Solution, Conjugate Acid
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2 Mar 2018
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Without a buffer present, ph changes dramatically from ph=7 (neutral) With a buffer present, ph changes only slightly; this is because buffers resist changes in ph. If the pka of formic acid hcooh is 3. 74 and the ph of an aqueous buffer solution made up of hcooh and hcoona is 3. 74, then hcooh=hcoona. A buffer is most resistant to ph change when [acid] = [conjugate base] A buffer is most effective when ph = pka +/-1, which corresponds to [base]/[acid[ ratio in the range 0. 10 to 10 ph = pka + 1. Pka + log[base]/[acid] = pka + 1. Log[base]/[acid] = log101; since log101 = 1. [base]/[acid] = 101 = 10 ph = pka - 1. Pka + log[base]/[acid] = pka - 1. Log[base]/[acid] = log10-1; since log10-1 = -1.
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