LING 2P53 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Asteroid Family, Vocal Tract, Implosive Consonant
8 Apr 2018
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Document Summary
Humans can produce many more sounds than used in language. We use diacritics to show these slight differences. The question what is a possible phoneme should be answered with reference to a theory about what speech sounds are made of, not just by compiling a list of all observable phonemes. Phonological rules are made according to sound classes. Distinctive feature theory says there are a small set of phonetic properties which phonological analysis uses. These properties are distinctive features and define possible phonemes and rules. Vocal folds vibrate when there is enough air pressure below the glottis to force vocal folds apart. When they open, this decreases pressure and allows them to close. Then when they are closed pressure builds up again and so on . Pressure below vocal folds should be higher than pressure above. Syllabic class means it forms a syllable peak and can thus be stressed. Sonorants are liquids, glides, nasals and vowels.
