LING 2P91 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Apple I, Tidal Volume, Lung Volumes
15 Jan 2016
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Vocal folds vibrate very quickly bc of size but also due to lesser mass. Average vf length males: 11. 57mm females: 4. 16mm. Drop in fo for males is ~1 octave but only 2. 5 semi tones for a female. Higher fo higher formant frequencies; larger bandwidths. Breathy more noise fill in interformant regions *males vf are more likely to close completely whereas female, it leaks through. More glottal leakage stronger aspiration noise; larger bandwidths. Children vocal folds lengthen and thicken; fo decreases. Puberty laryngeal growth in both males and females; but 2-3 times more in males (length and mass) Elderly males fo increases vocal tract begins to degenerate and lose mass. Females fo decreases vf acquire mass (hormonal changes associated with menopause) Health is a factor elderly adults who are healthy sound younger. Tidal volume (tv) amount of air inhaled and exhaled during one cycle of respiration males. Inspiratory reserve volume (irv) amount of air that is inhaled in addition to tv)
