KINE 2P09 Lecture Notes - Phagocytosis, Paracrine Signalling, Chemotaxis
9 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
KINE 2P09
Inflammation
- Prepare for healing and repair
o Bacteria enters or dmage to tissue
o Mast cells activate – release histamine
o Dilation of blood vessels and increased vessel permeability
o Localized oedema (swelling)
o Leukocytes are attached to the area
▪ Neutrophils/monocytes
▪ Engluf and destroy pathogens
- Process
o Margination
▪ Leukocytes are attracted to the endothelial cells close to the site of
injury/infection
o Diapedesis
▪ Leukocytes and other blood cells passing through the capillary walls
▪ Squeezing between endothelium
o Chemotaxis
▪ Leukocytes are attracted by chemical messengers to site of
injury/infection
▪ Paracrine agents
o Hyperemia
▪ Increase in blood flow to area
▪ Causes by paracrine agents
Non-specific immunity defense
- Skin (epidermis/dermis)
- Mucus surfaces
- Digestive system
Specific Immune Response
- Humoral immunity (anti-body mediated)
- Cellular immunity
NK natural killer cells
- Kill self-cells that are compromised
B cells
- Activated plasma cells
- Secretes antibodies or immunoglobulins
- Proteins -> bloodstream -> seek out foreign cells
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Document Summary
Kine 2p09: bacteria enters or dmage to tissue, mast cells activate release histamine, dilation of blood vessels and increased vessel permeability, localized oedema (swelling, leukocytes are attached to the area, neutrophils/monocytes, engluf and destroy pathogens. Increase in blood flow to area: causes by paracrine agents. Proteins -> bloodstream -> seek out foreign cells. Th cells coordinate the response by b cells and tc cells and inflammation. Stages: the encounter, recognition of an antigen, lymphocyte of an antigen, the attack. Encounter and recognition: receptor: antigen bind = recognition. B cell activation: antigen binds to receptor on b cell, activated, clones more cells. Attack: b cells attack, develop into plasma cells, secrete antibodies. Immobilize foreign thing: recruit cells do the dirty work, most cells die after except memory b cells. Invader is digested into bits often by macrophages: antigen taken in, chewed up, presented on surface, t cell can then bind.
