ERTH 2403 Lecture 4: Features of the Ocean Basin Floors
26 Oct 2018
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In 1818 sir james clark ross: sounding of 4893 meters in the south atlantic. In 1870s, hms challenger: 492 bottom soundings (confirmed the discovery of the mid- In 1922, echo sounder (cid:271)ased o(cid:374) tho(cid:373)as ediso(cid:374)(cid:859)s desig(cid:374)s: made first continuous profile on the us navy vessel uss stewart: from 1925-1927: the german research meteor made 14 profiles. Speed of the sound: varies with temperature, salinity, pressure: 3. Multibeam systems: many echo sounders are used (around 121 beams, produce detail images, problem: slow charting, 3. Satellites: measure variations in the elevation of ocean surface water, can detect a seamount (underwater island) because of variation of seawater level, measure ocean depths indirectly, us navy geosat satellite, topex/poseidon and jason-1 and jason-2: Rapid mapping of the world ocean floor from the space: 4. Robots and rovs: hrov nereus, telepresence, the ocean floor is divided to two provinces, 1.
