PSYC 3506 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Habituation, Dual Representation, Egocentrism
23 Jan 2015
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Preoperational (~ 2 years to 6 or 7 years) Concrete operations (~ 6 or 7 to 11 or 12 years) Sub-stage 1: modification of reflexes (birth ~ 1 month: it"s all simple reflexes that become adaptive such as sucking infant suck differently regarding object that in their mouth. Sub-stage 3: secondary circular reactions (~ 4 to 8 mos. ) Outcomes involve the outside world, beyond their bodies e. g. batting a ball and watching it roll away). Actions are more coordinated repeating again but outside world e. g. toy baby lies under makes pleasant noise if baby hits it, so baby tried to replicate. Sub-stage 5: tertiary circular reactions (~ 12 to 18 mos. ) actions still repeated, but they deliberately vary both their own actions and objects to get different consequences a lot of learning at this stage is through trial-and-error. Correspondence between intentions and behaviours becomes increasingly precise, and exploration of the world becomes increasingly venturesome.
