BIOL 261 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Blood Type, Mount Everest, Epistasis
19 Apr 2016
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Genetics of dna function chapter 6: genes encode proteins. Proteins are the molecular machines of organisms and are central to the functioning of all organisms. The transporters that carry substances across membranes into and out of the cell are proteins. The receptors of signals and transmitters of signals are proteins. The one-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis proposed that genes encode proteins genes are the templates from which proteins are produced. This hypothesis was first proposed by george beadle and edward tatum in the 1940"s even before the structure of dna was known: the work of beadle and tatum: The basis of the hypothesis came from the analysis of mutants of neurospora that required arginine to grow: the biosynthetic pathway for arginine was proposed (and subsequently demonstrated) to be: precursor ornithine citrulline arginine. Three different enzymes catalyze these three steps in synthesis: three different mutations were shown to be mutations in different genes. Growth of arg mutants in response to supplements.
