PSYC 440 Lecture 16: Lecture 16 – Neural Mechanisms of Emotion Processing and Cognitive Vulnerability
27 Apr 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
PSYC 440
Lecture 16 – Neural Mechanisms of Emotion Processing and Cognitive Vulnerability
• Brain mechanisms in emotion regulation
1. Paper:
a. No need to know stuff in the paper; just know what the paper is about
2. Key regions in emotion regulation (know these regions):
a. Structures in the circuitry underlying emotion regulation:
- PFC (Orbital, Ventromedial, and Dorsolateral):
i. Commonly used subdivisions:
Dorsolateral vs. orbitofrontal/ventromedial:
Cold region:
1) Dorsolateral
2) Executive cognitive functions
Hot region:
1) Orbitofrontal/ventromedial
2) Affective cognitive functions (e.g., reward, motivation)
- Amygdala:
i. One of the most widely studied area in the field of emotion regulation
ii. Integrated center of emotion (i.e. produces the emotion)
iii. Important in emotional learning and fear conditioning
iv. Highly connected with other brain regions (functions depend on
connections)
- Hippocampus:
i. Involved in learning and memory
ii. Important in stress regulation
iii. Highly connected to the HPA axis (which is also important for stress
regulation
- Acc:
i. Bridge between attention and emotion:
Involved in motivation and goal directed behavior.
ii. Two subdivisions:
Affect (rostral, ventral) vs. Cognitive (dorsal)
3. How Brain Regions Work Together in Emotion Perception and Regulation:
a. Steps:
- Stimulus presentation (e.g., mouse)
- Appraisal (e.g., see mouse):
i. Identification of the emotional significance of the stimulus
- Affective state (e.g., seeing mouse causes anxiety)
i. Production of affective state (e.g., heart rate goes up, etc.)
- Regulation (e.g., calm down, it’s just a mouse):
i. Regulation of the affective state
b. Two neural systems prosed to underlie emotion processing:
- The ventral system:
i. Important for:
Identifying emotional stimuli
Producing affective states
Document Summary
Cold region: dorsolateral, executive cognitive functions. Hot region: orbitofrontal/ventromedial, affective cognitive functions (e. g. , reward, motivation) One of the most widely studied area in the field of emotion regulation. Integrated center of emotion (i. e. produces the emotion) Highly connected with other brain regions (functions depend on connections) Highly connected to the hpa axis (which is also important for stress regulation. Involved in motivation and goal directed behavior. Affect (rostral, ventral) vs. cognitive (dorsal: how brain regions work together in emotion perception and regulation, steps: Identification of the emotional significance of the stimulus. Affective state (e. g. , seeing mouse causes anxiety) Production of affective state (e. g. , heart rate goes up, etc. ) Regulation (e. g. , calm down, it"s just a mouse): Regulation of the affective state: two neural systems prosed to underlie emotion processing: Ventral regions of the anterior cingulate gyrus and pfc. The dorsal regions of the anterior cingulate gyrus and pfc: another way to look at it:
