BIOC 2300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Thioester, Futile Cycle, Homeostasis
29 Dec 2015
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Document Summary
The chemical processes occurring within a living cell or organism that are necessary for maintaining life. 2a: provide energy, macromolecules, bioactive molecules from an intermittent supply of a limited number of nutrients, prevent build- up of toxic materials in the wrong place, breakdown of xenobiotics. 3a: adjustment to environmental conditions, supply and demand: e. g. availability of nutrients, need for energy, need for building blocks/growth, some pathways occur only in certain cell types, during certain stages of the cell cycle, stages of development etc. The breakdown of larger molecules can release energy. Energy storage: in form of macromolecules such as glycogen (carbohydrate), triglycerides (fat) and proteins. Energy transport within the cell or between cells: in form of macromolecules or intermediate metabolites such as glucose, faly acids or amino acids. Energy release: through breakdown of macromolecules = catabolism. Energy storage: through synthesis of macromolecules = anabolism. Breakdown of large molecules to release energy and small molecules; oxidative, exergonic.
