BIOL 2004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Lipoprotein, Periplasm, Lipid A
11 Mar 2017
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Small compact genome - usually single circular chromosome. Have to have all of their functions on cell membrane (usually done in mitochondria, etc. ) Selective permeability - control movement of most molecules in and out of the cell. Large charged molecules = require transport proteins (facilitated diffusion or active transport) Harness the proton motive force = high concentration of protons outside the cell go through the membrane and power atp synthase. The cellular envelope (includes the cell wall and inner membrane) Almost always includes a cell wall of peptidoglycan. Peptidoglycan has a distinct structure = rings of glycan chains linked with peptide cross bridge. Peptides = each of a few amino acids. Penicillin is an antibiotic that inhibits the peptide cross-bridge formation. These attach to glycans in different layers for additional strength. When staining, this is what makes it purple! Allows the passage of small molecules across the outer membrane. Make the outer membrane much more porous than the cell membrane!
