BIOL 2004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Xanthophyll, Chlorophyceae, Phycobilisome
Document Summary
Sexual cycles of protists: often many asexual cycles between each sexual cycle, i. e. sex and reproduction need not be directly linked, main form diploid or haploid, alternation of generations in some (esp. macroalgae) Mitochondria and plastids: own genome, own bacterial-like ribosomes, membranes represent cell membrane and outer membrane. Plastids: in many (obviously not all) eukaryotes, bounded by 2. 3 or 4 membranes, fundamentally cyanobacterial-like photosynthesis apparatus. Thylakoid membranes: primary endosymbiosis: origin of plastids (mitochondrion origin similar) Engulfment of a cyanobacterium by a eukaryote. Organelle genome reduced: secondary endosymbiosis (plastids only) A primary alga is engulfed by another eukaryote and reduced to an organelle. Complex plastid, surrounded by 4 (or 3) membranes: the acquisition of plastids: one primary, multiple secondary (and possible tertiary) plastids a survey of protist diversity, archaeplastida. Eukaryotes with protists of primary endosymbiotic origin. Chloroplastida (green algae plus land plants: green pigmentation, starch in plastid.
