BIOL 2020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Molecular Motor, Kinetochore, Separase

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oliverhinoceros421

19 Apr 2018

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During m-phase all energy of the cell is devoted to mitosis. There is no response to external stimuli. The duplicated chromosomes are prepared for segregation and the mitotic machinery is assembled. The chromosomes condense with the help of the activated condensing. The cytoskeleton is disassembled and the mitotic spindle is assembled. Chromosomal microtubules attach to kinetochores of chromosomes. The chromosomes are moved to the spindle equator by the process of congression. The chromosomes are aligned along the metaphase plate and are attached by chromosomal microtubules to both poles. All chromosomes must be attached and under tension for mitosis to continue. Anaphase a and b can happen one after the other or at the same time. * mitotic movements result from both changes in spindle fibre length and from the action of molecular motors. Kinesis-like proteins cenp-e/kinesin 7 (+ end motor) and cytoplasmic dynein (- end motor) position laterally positioned chromosomes.

Related Questions

Determine if the following events occur during Mitosis, Meiosis I, Meiosis II, Mitosis and Meiosis, Mitosis and Meiosis I, or Mitosis and Meiosis II. (Answers may be used once, more than once or not at all. Be as accurate as possible with your answer.)

___ 1. The chromosome number is reduced by half.

___ 2. The amount of DNA in the cell is twice the amount of a normal diploid cell in G1.

___ 3. DNA is replicated during S phase.

___ 4. Homologous chromosomes separate.

___ 5. Sister chromatids separate.

___ 6. Chromosomes condense and align along the metaphase plate.

___ 7. Homologous chromosomes align and undergo crossing over.

___ 8. Has one round of division per round of DNA replication.

___ 9. The number of chromatids is equal to the number of chromosomes of a diploid cell in G1.

___ 10. Tetrads align on the metaphase plate.

a. Mitosis and Meiosis I only

b. Both Mitosis and Meiosis

c. Meiosis II only

d. Mitosis and Meiosis II only

e. Mitosis only

f. Meiosis I only

coppercattle579

In order to move from G1 to S-phaseâ¦

Select one:

a. Cyclin-Cdk must phosphorylate cytochrome c, thereby inactivating it.

b. Cyclin-Cdk must phosphorylate cytochrome c, thereby activating it.

c. Cyclin-Cdk must phosphorylate RB, thereby inactivating it.

d. Cyclin-Cdk must phosphorylate ADP to make enough ATP for all that DNA synthesis.

e. Cyclin-Cdk must phosphorylate RB, thereby activating it.

How is meiosis different than mitosis?

Select one:

a. Meiosis is found only in juvenile organisms while mitosis is found at all life stages.

b. Cytokinesis is skipped during meiosis but not during mitosis.

c. During anaphase II of meiosis chromosomes segregate randomly while in mitosis they do not.

d. Meiosis is uncontrolled while mitosis is rigorously controlled.

e. During metaphase I of meiosis homologous chromosomes pair up together and in mitosis they do not.

C.)

âCrossing overâ during meiosis leads toâ¦

Select one:

a. the exchange of DNA on a maternal chromosome for DNA on paternal chromosome.

b. free radical formation and DNA damage.

c. incomplete formation of chiasmata.

d. many mitotic errors and mutations.

e. transcription and translation.

âNon-disjunctionâ during meiosis leads toâ¦

Select one:

a. robust, mutation-proof gametes.

b. parthenogenic reproduction.

c. larger zygotes.

d. the wrong number of chromosomes in the daughter cells.

e. is important for generating heritable genetic variability.

amaranthdolphin658

1. Determine if the following events occur during Mitosis, Meiosis I, Meiosis II, Mitosis and Meiosis, Mitosis and Meiosis I, or Mitosis and Meiosis II. (Answers may be used once, more than once or not at all. Be as accurate as possible with your answer.)

___ 1. The chromosome number is reduced by half.

___ 2. The amount of DNA in the cell is twice the amount of a normal diploid cell in G1.

___ 3. DNA is replicated during S phase.

___ 4. Homologous chromosomes separate.

___ 5. Sister chromatids separate.

___ 6. Chromosomes condense and align along the metaphase plate.

___ 7. Homologous chromosomes align and undergo crossing over.

___ 8. Has one round of division per round of DNA replication.

___ 9. The number of chromatids is equal to the number of chromosomes of a diploid cell in G1.

___ 10. Tetrads align on the metaphase plate.

a. Mitosis and Meiosis I only

b. Both Mitosis and Meiosis

c. Meiosis II only

d. Mitosis and Meiosis II only

e. Mitosis only

f. Meiosis I only

BIOL 2020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Molecular Motor, Kinetochore, Separase

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