BIOL 2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Reciprocal Cross, Gamete, Pea
3 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
Discovered principles of transmission of hereditary traits from generations to generations: done in the absence of knowledge of hereditary traits. Began a series of cross-breeding experiments with the garden pea: learned about mechanisms of heredity from experiments. 3 scientists in 1900"s rediscovered mendel"s principles of heredity. Was a monk - worked in monastery. Used crosses of true-breeding varieties: homozygous for the gene(s) controlling the traits. The traits that he studied had 2 forms (2 phenotypes) and they happen to have a simple genetic basis. Cross-bred the flowers: took gametes from one breed and pollinated another flower of another breed, did monohybrid crosses - now known as mendel"s first law. Took a homozygous round seed and crossed with a homozygous wrinkled seed: f1 (first) generation: Crossed the f1 rounded seeds with each other: f2 (second) generation: Gene: an inherited factor that determine a trait/characteristic. Genes exist in different forms - alleles, found at the same specific place on chromosomes (locus).
